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Yang Xiong (; 53 BCE–18 CE) was a Han dynasty scholar, poet, and author known for his philosophical writings and ''fu'' poetry compositions. ==Life and career== Like a number of the other great writers of the Han dynasty, Yang was from Shu (modern Sichuan Province), specifically the area of Pi (modern Pi County, Sichuan). Yang claimed that his family had moved south from the state of Jin during its civil infighting in the 6th century BCE. As a youth Yang was an admirer and imitator of his elder Shu compatriot Sima Xiangru and the "grand ''fu''" style of the early Han period. His ability and success in ''fu'' composition earned him a summons to the imperial capital at Chang'an to serve as an "Expectant Official", responsible for composing poems and ''fu'' for the emperor.〔Ho (1986): 912.〕 Yang's position required him to praise the virtue and glory of Emperor Cheng of Han and the grandeur of imperial outings, but he was disturbed by the wasteful extravagance of the imperial court.〔 Yang attempted to return the ''fu'' genre to a focus of "suasive admonition" (''fèng'' 諷), which he believed was the original purpose of the earliest ''fu''-type writings of Qu Yuan, but his couched admonitions against extravagance went unnoticed and unheeded by Emperor Cheng. Yang's most famous work, ''Exemplary Sayings'' (''Fa yan'' 法言) is a philosophical work modeled on the ''Analects of Confucius (Lunyu)'', in which Yang criticizes ''fu'' writers for focusing on ornate, esoteric language while ignoring more important issues of morality. Yang's other works include ''Great Mystery'' (''Tai xuan'' 太玄), a divination text based on the ''Classic of Changes (Yijing)'', "Justification Against Ridicule" (''Jie chao'' 解嘲), one of the best known of the "''fu'' of frustration" category of ''fu'', and ''Fangyan'', a collection of regional dialectal terms from the various parts of China in his era. Together with Sima Xiangru, Yang was one of the most famous and illustrious men of the entire Han dynasty. The Book of Han devotes a full two-part chapter to both Yang and Sima, an honor surpassing that of even the most famous generals and ministers.〔Knechtges (1982): 1.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yang Xiong (author)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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